{"id":397,"date":"2021-08-16T11:52:04","date_gmt":"2021-08-16T11:52:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/phauthuatnhi.vn\/vi\/?p=397"},"modified":"2021-08-16T11:52:27","modified_gmt":"2021-08-16T11:52:27","slug":"benh-u-gan-o-tre-em","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/phauthuatnhi.vn\/vi\/cacloaibenh\/benh-u-gan-o-tre-em\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ec6NH U GAN \u1ede TR\u1eba EM"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>M\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>B\u1ec7nh u gan \u1edf tr\u1ebb em hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p. C\u00e1c tr\u1ebb em trai th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n c\u00e1c tr\u1ebb em g\u00e1i. C\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i u gan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ung th\u01b0 (l\u00e0nh) ho\u1eb7c ung th\u01b0 (\u00e1c t\u00ednh).<strong><\/strong><\/li><li>Ung th\u01b0 gan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean ph\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c th\u1ee9 ph\u00e1t. Nh\u1eefng ung th\u01b0 gan nguy\u00ean ph\u00e1t b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u trong gan v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ung th\u01b0 gan th\u1ee9 ph\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 lan tr\u00e0n v\u00e0o gan t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.<strong><\/strong><\/li><li>Ung th\u01b0 gan nguy\u00ean ph\u00e1t c\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh:<\/li><li>U nguy\u00ean b\u00e0o gan th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf tr\u1ebb em d\u01b0\u1edbi 5 tu\u1ed5i.<\/li><li>Ung th\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o gan. Lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf tr\u1ebb em l\u1edbn.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Ung th\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o gan th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn virut vi\u00eam gan B v\u00e0 C.<\/li><li>Ngo\u00e0i ra th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u1edf nh\u1eefng tr\u1ebb nh\u1eb9 c\u00e2n khi sinh. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh di truy\u1ec1n hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n u nguy\u00ean b\u00e0o gan:<\/li><li>H\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng Beckwith-Wiedemann: l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ea9m sinh v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 c\u01a1 quan c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.<\/li><li>\u0110a polyp gia \u0111\u00ecnh: \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m b\u1ec7nh di truy\u1ec1n hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a.<\/li><li>T\u0103ng s\u1ea3n m\u1ed9t b\u00ean (Hemihypertrophy): l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1ed9t b\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi b\u00ean c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>C\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5c u l\u1ed3i l\u00ean ho\u1eb7c s\u01b0ng ph\u1ed3ng \u1edf b\u1ee5ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u0111au.<\/li><li>Nh\u1eefng tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c: gi\u1ea3m c\u00e2n, ch\u00e1n \u0103n, c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u1ed1m y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 b\u1ecb n\u00f4n.<\/li><li>Ho\u1eb7c t\u00ecnh c\u1edd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n khi \u0111i kh\u00e1m v\u00ec b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Si\u00eau \u00e2m, ch\u1ee5p c\u1eaft l\u1edbp vi t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee5p c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ed1i u v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh, c\u1ea3 b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i gan. C\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh.<\/li><li>H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c u nguy\u00ean b\u00e0o gan v\u00e0 ung th\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o gan s\u1ea3n sinh ra m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i protein \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o d\u00f2ng m\u00e1u trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Lo\u1ea1i protein n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 Alpha- fetoprotein (AFP). \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c AFP trong m\u00e1u, l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u1eefu \u00edch cho bi\u1ebft li\u1ec7u kh\u1ed1i u gan c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng hay l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t l\u1ea1i sau \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb hay kh\u00f4ng. Ch\u1ea5t AFP c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec3m ung th\u01b0.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ef1 lan tr\u00e0n c\u1ee7a ung th\u01b0, m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00f3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1ebfp giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ee5p c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb\u00a0(MRI) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ung th\u01b0 trong gan l\u00fac ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap l\u1eadp ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho t\u1eebng b\u1ec7nh nhi.<\/li><li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng kh\u1ed1i u gan v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u1edf B\u1eafc M\u1ef9, \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt b\u1ea3n.<\/li><li>Quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u00f3m (h\u00ecnh 1) n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00ec nh\u1eefng u gan n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y ra b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y chia gan th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n v\u00f9ng ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt (khu v\u1ef1c) v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn \u0111\u00fang t\u1eeb ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n lo\u1ea1i ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y kh\u1ed1i u ra. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y c\u00f2n gi\u00fap c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n k\u00e8m theo m\u1ed9t ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt gh\u00e9p gan ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng.<\/li><li>Nh\u00f3m 1: M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n gan b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y ra b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng.<\/li><li>Nh\u00f3m 2: Hai ph\u1ea7n b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y ra b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt ph\u1ea1m vi r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n.<\/li><li>Nh\u00f3m 3: Ba ph\u1ea7n gan b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y ra v\u1edbi ca ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt l\u1edbn.<\/li><li>Nh\u00f3m 4: C\u1ea3 b\u1ed1n ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a gan b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y ra m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay th\u1ebf gan c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c gh\u00e9p gan c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"562\" height=\"585\" src=\"http:\/\/phauthuatnhi.vn\/vi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/u-gan.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-400\" srcset=\"http:\/\/phauthuatnhi.vn\/vi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/u-gan.png 562w, http:\/\/phauthuatnhi.vn\/vi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/u-gan-288x300.png 288w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 562px) 100vw, 562px\" \/><figcaption><strong>H\u00ecnh 1: \u0110\u1ecbnh nh\u00f3m u gan<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>B\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00f2n xem x\u00e9t ph\u1ea1m vi lan tr\u00e0n c\u1ee7a ung th\u01b0 ngo\u00e0i gan.<\/li><li>Trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u: t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i u x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u \u0111i v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c \u0111i ra t\u1eeb gan. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn lo\u1ea1i ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y b\u1ecf kh\u1ed1i u.<\/li><li>Trong b\u1ee5ng: \u0110\u00f4i khi, kh\u1ed1i u lan tr\u00e0n ra ngo\u00e0i gan v\u00e0 \u0111i v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng \u1ed5 b\u1ee5ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea5y b\u1ecf kh\u1ed1i u ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/li><li>Trong ph\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan kh\u00e1c: N\u1ebfu kh\u1ed1i u lan tr\u00e0n ra ngo\u00e0i gan qua d\u00f2ng m\u00e1u (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh di c\u0103n), kh\u1ed1i u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i v\u00e0o ph\u1ed5i. C\u1ee9 kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 n\u0103m tr\u1ebb em b\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 gan, ph\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng khi ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n. C\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ee5p X quang, ch\u1ee5p c\u1eaft l\u1edbp vi t\u00ednh CT ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee5p c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb MRI \u0111\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh xem li\u1ec7u ph\u1ed5i c\u00f3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, bao g\u1ed3m lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ung th\u01b0 gan (u nguy\u00ean b\u00e0o gan ho\u1eb7c ung th\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o gan), nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i u, v\u00e0 li\u1ec7u u \u0111\u00e3 di c\u0103n ch\u01b0a. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n bao g\u1ed3m ho\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ung th\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o gan, vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f2n bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ch\u1ed1ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ea1ch ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 ho\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1ch (g\u00e2y t\u1eafc m\u1ea1ch m\u1eafu nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u1ed1i u).<\/li><li>Ban \u0111\u1ea7u, vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu t\u1ebf b\u00e0o nh\u1ecf t\u1eeb kh\u1ed1i u (sinh thi\u1ebft). Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n sau khi \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y m\u00ea to\u00e0n th\u00e2n, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 qua da ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 qua m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh c\u1eaft \u1edf trong \u1ed5 b\u1ee5ng. M\u1ed9t ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ph\u00e2n nh\u00f3m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi lan tr\u00e0n (n\u1ebfu ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 lan tr\u00e0n) s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, Vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng ho\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ho\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nguy c\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/li><li>Nguy c\u01a1 trung b\u00ecnh: nh\u00f3m 1, 2 v\u00e0 3.<\/li><li>Nguy c\u01a1 cao: nh\u00f3m 4 v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00e3 di c\u0103n ra ngo\u00e0i gan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-normal-font-size\"><strong><em>Ho\u00e1 tr\u1ecb <\/em><\/strong><strong><em><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng ung th\u01b0 (g\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o) \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ung th\u01b0. C\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eam v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch. B\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nhi s\u1ebd th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u1ec7nh nhi v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nguy c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. \u0110\u00f4i khi, \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ho\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb sau ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt.<\/li><li>Ho\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1ch: Truy\u1ec1n thu\u1ed1c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch \u0111i th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o gan. R\u1ea5t h\u00e3n h\u1eefu, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o gan.<\/li><li>\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ch\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o m\u1ea1ch: D\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n kh\u1ed1i u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ch cung c\u1ea5p m\u00e1u. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o gan. Lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o m\u1ea1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 thalidomide. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f3 mang, thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ung th\u01b0<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-normal-font-size\"><strong><em>Ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>L\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb u gan \u1edf tr\u1ebb em. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 tr\u1ebb em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh sau khi \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i ung th\u01b0 trong ph\u1ed5i, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu kh\u1ed1i u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng h\u1ebft ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n sau \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t th\u00ec ph\u1ed5i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 kh\u1ed1i u gan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft b\u1ecf b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt th\u00ec ca m\u1ed5 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li><li>\u1ede nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 kh\u1ed1i u \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp c\u1ea3 b\u1ed1n ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a gan (nh\u00f3m 4) th\u00ec m\u1ed9t ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt gh\u00e9p gan l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt gh\u00e9p gan n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u00ean \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh u nguy\u00ean b\u00e0o gan, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o gan. Trong m\u1ed9t ca gh\u00e9p gan, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 gan s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y ra v\u00e0 thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gan c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u1ec7nh nhi ngay t\u1eeb khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd s\u1ebd d\u00e0nh cho b\u1ea1n c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda gan c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh nhi \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t gan t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfn t\u1eb7ng. \u0110\u1ed9i ng\u0169 b\u00e1c s\u0129 gh\u00e9p gan s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u1ec7nh nhi. Vi\u1ec7c gh\u00e9p gan ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ebfu to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 kh\u1ed1i u \u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i gan \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u1ee5, v\u00e0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nhi s\u1ebd th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y v\u1edbi gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u1ec7nh nhi tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. Nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m: c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u1ed1m y\u1ebfu (bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n) v\u00e0 b\u1ecb n\u00f4n, r\u1ee5ng t\u00f3c, t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n, d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb v\u1ebft th\u00e2m t\u00edm v\u00e0 ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u, s\u1ef1 m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi v\u00e0 \u1ec9a ch\u1ea3y.<\/li><li>Nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 mu\u1ed9n: g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 th\u00ednh gi\u00e1c, v\u1ec1 th\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 tim. S\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u0103ng nh\u1eb9 nguy c\u01a1 cho b\u1ec7nh nhi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n lo\u1ea1i ung th\u01b0 kh\u00e1c trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng sau n\u00e0y. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft tr\u1ebb em s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t sinh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 mu\u1ed9n v\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1eady s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo d\u00f5i. B\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nhi s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 mu\u1ed9n n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>T\u00e1i ph\u00e1t<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 ung th\u01b0 quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i sau khi \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t.<\/li><li>T\u00e1i ph\u00e1t tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u1edf gan ho\u1eb7c \u1edf c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. N\u1ebfu ung th\u01b0 quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c AFP trong m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nhi s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u0103ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i (tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 d\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7u n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean h\u00ecnh ch\u1ee5p c\u1eaft l\u1edbp vi t\u00ednh), v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c tr\u00ean 100. S\u1ef1 t\u0103ng nh\u1eb9 m\u1ee9c AFP c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n sau ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, v\u00ec v\u1eady gan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Theo d\u00f5i<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Khi vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb k\u1ebft th\u00fac, b\u1ec7nh nhi s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ee9c AFP trong m\u00e1u, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee5p c\u1eaft l\u1edbp vi t\u00ednh v\u00e0 ch\u1ee5p X quang ng\u1ef1c.<\/li><li>H\u01a1n 75% tr\u1ebb em c\u00f3 b\u1ec7nh u nguy\u00ean b\u00e0o gan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1eefa kh\u1ecfi, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng tr\u1ebb em c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng kh\u1ed1i u nh\u1ecf ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p v\u1edbi gan, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/li><li>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o gan kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ed1t.<\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>M\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u B\u1ec7nh u gan \u1edf tr\u1ebb em hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p. C\u00e1c tr\u1ebb em trai th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n c\u00e1c tr\u1ebb em g\u00e1i. C\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i u gan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ung th\u01b0 (l\u00e0nh) <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"http:\/\/phauthuatnhi.vn\/vi\/cacloaibenh\/benh-u-gan-o-tre-em\/\" title=\"B\u1ec6NH U GAN \u1ede TR\u1eba EM\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":403,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[4,21],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/phauthuatnhi.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/397"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/phauthuatnhi.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/phauthuatnhi.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/phauthuatnhi.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/phauthuatnhi.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=397"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/phauthuatnhi.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/397\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":404,"href":"http:\/\/phauthuatnhi.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/397\/revisions\/404"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/phauthuatnhi.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/403"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/phauthuatnhi.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=397"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/phauthuatnhi.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=397"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/phauthuatnhi.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=397"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}